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We have understood
for decades the roles of ‘classical’ risk factors – elevated
LDL-C, hypertension, dysglycaemia and smoking – in the pathogenesis of
cardiovascular disease. More recent
research is continuing to define the contribution of emerging risk factors to
the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease,
particularly in the setting of insulin resistance. Abdominal obesity is associated with multiple
cardiometabolic risk factors such as atherogenic dyslipidaemia
(hypertriglyceridaemia and low HDL-C), dysglycaemia and inflammation, which
are major drivers of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. In addition, atherosclerosis is
increasingly regarded as an inflammatory condition.
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